ASTM D4870-2007a 测定剩余燃料中沉积物总量的标准试验方法
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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDeterminationofTotalSedimentinResidualFuels
【原文标准名称】:测定剩余燃料中沉积物总量的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD4870-2007a
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2007
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.14
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:燃料油;燃料;试验
【英文主题词】:ageing;fueloils;hotfiltration;residualfuel;sediment;storagestability;totalsediment
【摘要】:Appreciableamountsofsedimentinaresidualfueloilcancausefoulingoffacilitiesforhandling,andgiveproblemsinburnermechanisms.Sedimentcanaccumulateinstoragetanks,onfilterscreens,oronburnerparts,resultinginobstructionoftheflowofoilfromthetanktotheburner.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftotalsedimentupto0.40%m/mfordistillatefueloilscontainingresidualcomponentsandto0.50%m/minresidualfueloilshavingamaximumviscosityof55cSt(mm2/s)at100176;C.Somefuelscanexceedthemaximumfiltrationtimespecifiedinthistestmethodduetofactorsotherthanthepresenceofsignificantquantitiesofinsolubleorganicorinorganicmaterial.Thistestmethodcanbeusedfortheassessmentoftotalsedimentafterregimesoffuelpretreatmentdesignedtoacceleratetheagingprocess.1.2ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.Forspecificwarningstatements,see7.2,7.3,AnnexA1,andX1.6.1.
【中国标准分类号】:E31
【国际标准分类号】:75_160_20;75_160_20;75_160_20
【页数】:7P.;A4
【正文语种】:
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforCBR(CaliforniaBearingRatio)ofSoilsinPlace
【原文标准名称】:现场测定土壤加利福尼亚承载比的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD4429-2009a
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.08
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:bearingratio;CBR;deflection;flexiblepavement;CBR(Californiabearingratio);Soil
【摘要】:Fieldin-placeCBRtestsareusedforevaluationanddesignofflexiblepavementcomponentssuchasbaseandsubbasecourseandsubgradesandforotherapplications(suchasunsurfacedroads)forwhichCBRisthedesiredstrengthparameter.IfthefieldCBRistobeuseddirectlyforevaluationordesignwithoutconsiderationforvariationduetochangeinwatercontent,thetestshouldbeconductedunderoneofthefollowingconditions:(a)whenthedegreeofsaturation(percentageofvoidsfilledwithwater)is80%orgreater,(b)whenthematerialiscoarsegrainedandcohesionlesssothatitisnotsignificantlyaffectedbychangesinwatercontent,or(c)whenthesoilhasnotbeenmodifiedbyconstructionactivitiesduringthetwoyearsprecedingthetest.Inthelast-namedcase,thewatercontentdoesnotactuallybecomeconstant,butgenerallyfluctuateswithinarathernarrowrange.Therefore,thefieldin-placetestdatamaybeusedtosatisfactorilyindicatetheaverageload-carryingcapacity.Anyconstructionactivities,suchasgradingorcompacting,carriedoutsubsequenttothebearingratiotestwillprobablyinvalidatetheresultsofthetest.Soilsandflexiblepavementcomponentsatthesamelocationmayexhibitsignificantlydifferentloaddeflectionrelationships.Nomethodpresentlyexiststoevaluatetheprecisionofagroupofnon-repetitiveplateloadtestsonsoilsandflexiblepavementcomponentsduetothevariabilityofthesematerials.Note18212;Fieldin-placetestsareusedtodeterminetherelativestrengthofsoils,subbase,andsomebasematerialsintheconditionatwhichtheyexistatthetimeoftesting.Suchresultshavedirectapplicationintestsectionworkandinsomeexpedientconstruction,military,orsimilaroperations.Also,asindicatedin4.1,fieldin-placetestscanbeusedfordesignunderconditionsofnominalstabilityofwater,density,andgeneralcharacteristicsofthematerialtested.However,anysignificanttreating,disturbing,handling,compaction,orwaterchangecanaffectthesoilstrengthandmakethepriortotestdeterminationinapplicable,leadingtotheneedforretestandreanalysis.Note28212;Notwithstandingthestatementsonprecisionandbiascontainedinthisstandard:Theprecisionofthistestmethodisdependentonthecompetenceofthepersonnelperformingitandthesuitabilityoftheequipmentandfacilitiesused.AgencieswhichmeetthecriteriaofPracticeD3740aregenerallyconsideredcapableofcompetentandobjectivetesting.UsersofthismethodarecautionedthatcompliancewithPracticeD3740doesnotinitselfassurereliabletesting.Reliabletestingdependsonmanyfactors;PracticeD3740providesameansofevaluatingsomeofthosefactors.1.1ThistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheCaliforniaBearingRatio(CBR)ofsoiltestedinplacebythepenetrationloadofthesoil.Thistestmethodcoverstheevaluationoftherelativequalityofsubgradesoils,butisapplicabletosubbaseandsomebase-coursematerials.Thistestmethodisdesignedtotestin-situmaterialsandcorrespondstoTestMethodD1883.1.2ThevaluesstatedineitherSIunitsorinch-poundunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemmaynotbeexactequivalents;therefor......
【中国标准分类号】:P13
【国际标准分类号】:93_020
【页数】:7P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:Lowvoltageswitchgearandcontrolgearforindustrialuse;mountingrails;tophatrail;15mmwideforthefixingofterminalblocks
【原文标准名称】:工业用低压开关设备.支架用于固定接线板的15mm宽的固定支架
【标准号】:DINEN50045-1982
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:1982-04
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:开关设备;尺寸;开关设备;低电压;公差;材料;电气工程;设计
【英文主题词】:dimensions;switchgear;switchgears;lowvoltage;tolerances(measurement);electricalengineering;materials;design
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:K31
【国际标准分类号】:29_120_60
【页数】:2P;A4
【正文语种】:德语